Whistleblowers have protection under the law in the United States. But you cannot claim this protection if you are unaware whether you are a whistleblower.
You may not realize that your actions would qualify you under the law, or you could be unaware there is such protection offered. It is well worth your time to learn more about what constitutes the whistleblower distinction.
Basic definition
The National Whistleblower Center defines a whistleblower as someone who reports the illegal or dangerous activities of an employer. You could be a current or former employee and still qualify under this definition. The main idea is you are reporting something the employer is likely trying to cover up or keep secret because of the potential backlash that could come from revealing it.
Protection
Because you are making something public that will cause bad consequences for your employer, you could face serious repercussions. This is where whistleblower protection steps in. Your employer cannot do anything to you because of what you did. You cannot lose your job, have hours reduced, lose benefits or have anything negative happen as a result of your reporting. Your employer must be very careful when making any move and be able to provide solid evidence there is another reason behind the action.
If your employer does retaliate, you can take further steps. Your employer will face additional punishment.
Becoming a whistleblower is usually a step to take when all other options have not worked. If you already reported concerns and everyone has ignored you, then you should take the next steps and report to authorities, which will give your whistleblower protection.